Reverberations of War
摘要
By deciding to invade Ukraine, Russian President Vladimir Putin tied his political fate to the outcome of the largest territorial war Europe has seen since the end of the Second World War.1 Despite facing extensive western sanctions, the Russian economy did not collapse, and the Russian Armed Forces, though suffering massive losses, managed to hold their lines and even advance. While former US Secretary of State Antony Blinken described Russia’s aggression against Ukraine as leading to ultimate “strategic failure” in a speech in Helsinki on 2 June 2023, the reality has proven more complex.2