Grazing, as a fundamental ecological process, plays a pivotal role in shaping the structure and function of grassland ecosystems (Belsky, 1992). Through herbivores’ selective consumption of vegetation, grazing infuences the composition, distribution, and productivity of plant communities within grasslands. Grazing pressure and associated excreta deposition regulate plant growth, creating a mosaic of vegetation patches characterised by varying physical structure, species composition, and nutrient content (Milchunas et al., 1988; Tallowin et al., 2005). This mosaic structure not only supports biodiversity by creating diverse habitats for different species but also contributes to the resilience of grassland ecosystems by establishing a constant disturbance regime, which, in the long run, promotes dynamic responses to environmental fuctuations (Craine et al.,2013).By affecting plant biomass and diversity,grazing also infuences water and nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and soil structure and function (Lavado et al., 1996; McSherry and Ritchie, 2013), thereby shaping the overall stability of grassland ecosystems. Notably, the historical co-evolution of herbivores and grasslands has resulted in mutual adaptations that underscore the integral relationship between grazing and the ecological dynamics of grassland ecosystems. The disturbance dynamics of natural grasslands are mimicked by mowing and plant biomass removal in managed grasslands, a signifcant management strategy in these systems. In this chapter, we will focus on natural processes. However, the reader should bear in mind that very similar climate change impact mechanisms are at play in managed grasslands.