Over the last three decades, the design and implementation of regulatory and private governance approaches has supported a high degree of confidence in the food safety and quality management systems employed in food supply chains (Manning et al., 2019). The focus on embedding effective food safety management systems within food businesses and ensuring better regulatory control of complex food supply chains was driven by a number of high-profile public health scares in the 1980–1990s. These included the occurrence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) with cattle, predominantly reported in the United Kingdom (UK) with 4 million cattle slaughtered, and its links with the 178 deaths from new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD)1. This incident followed on from antifreeze being found in Austrian and Italian wines in 1985–1986 which was associated with multiple deaths (Manning & Luning, 2018), the 1988 UK Salmonella in eggs scare and the 1999 European dioxin incident centred on Belgium.