The role and range of voluntary standards and certification systems governing sustainable agricultural practices
摘要
The origin of sustainability standards was not the large multistakeholder frameworks we recognise today. At their root, standards evolved from a group of civil society-based movements denouncing environmental and social excesses. These excesses can be traced back to the Industrial Revolution, a time when technology and mass production required more natural resources, and human’s relationship to nature was forever altered: ‘there was a psychological change: confidence in the ability to use resources and to master nature was heightened’ (Britannica, 2021). The human need to dominate nature, along with its harmful consequences, would only grow over time.