Climate change, a term that has gained significant attention in recent decades, refers to the long-term alteration in Earth's climate patterns, predominantly due to anthropogenic activities. The essence of climate change lies in the shift of weather phenomena over extended periods, typically decades to millions of years, and can manifest as changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, and other climatic variables. This alteration is largely attributed to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which trap heat and lead to global warming.