China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is a broad and profound economic and social systemic change, and the strong support of green finance will be an important guarantee for the success of this change. This chapter systematically compares the origin of the concept of green finance, clarifies the evolution and practice of the concept of green finance, integrates the policy system of the green financial system, clarifies the market overview of the green financial system, proposes countermeasures for the development of the green financial system, and shows the development trend of green credit, green bonds and green insurance through the medium of green financial cases, which is important for the construction of a green financial system that is conducive to the achievement of carbon peaking carbon neutrality in China.