This paper proposes a multi-scenario analysis based on the Firefly Algorithm (FA) to optimize power consumption efficiency and electricity cost reduction in smart homes. It integrates demand side management (DSM), in particular demand response (DR), to encourage consumers to adjust their energy consumption during peak hours. A home energy management system (HEMS) is developed, optimizing appliance scheduling and air-conditioning system control while minimizing electricity costs and ensuring thermal comfort. Moreover, appliance comfort. Based on three scenarios reflecting different user priorities, significant reductions in electricity costs are achieved, ranging from 6.42 to 21%, while maintaining user-defined comfort levels.