Optimizing EV Charging System with Renewable Integration and Hierarchical Energy Management Strategy
摘要
This study proposes an efficient charging system for electric vehicles (EVs) that integrates renewable energy from photovoltaic (PV) sources with the conventional grid. The hybrid system aims to alleviate strain on the grid and reduce charging costs. To compensate for PV’s intermittent nature, a battery storage system (BSS) is included to ensure uninterrupted charging. The research introduces a hierarchical energy management strategy to optimize PV energy utilization, cater to varying EV demands, respond rapidly to BSS variations, and reduce grid stress, resulting in improved reliability and cost-effectiveness. The study recommends using an interleaved buck-boost converter for bidirectional power conversion in the BSS to enhance power quality and minimize conversion losses, reducing current ripples. PV systems are optimized using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and an interleaved boost converter to maximize power generation in unpredictable weather conditions. Sub-management technology for EV charger stages, combined with interleave converters, enables meeting dynamic power requirements while maintaining balance with available production. The proposed approach reduces reliance on grid sources during periods of high demand, leading to decreased grid stress and costs, particularly during peak hours. A rule-based management strategy (RBMS) prioritizes PV and BSS usage, with grid energy reserved for intermittent PV issues. This ensures consistent system performance, increases PV consumption, meets EV demand, and extends the BSS lifespan. In conclusion, the recommended hybrid charging system optimizes the utilization of the grid, BSS, and solar energy. Interleaved buck-boost converters improve power quality, while the online management strategy enhances BSS utilization, reduces grid stress, and increases renewable energy usage at charging stations.