Aquaculture is the rapidly developing food generating sector across the globe and is continuously evolving throughout the world. With the increase in global population, the demand for the aquaculture resources is also rising. Aquaculture sector includes all kinds of aquatic ecosystems such as marine, brackish, and freshwater, which are tightly linked with the land-based ecosystems. It includes the culture of numerous species such as shellfishes, finfishes, molluscs, and other organisms. Maintenance of stocks and various other natural resources is necessary for the upkeep of the existence of various life forms on the Earth. It has been expected that food production from the aquatic resources will increase by 15% by the year 2030. Production from the aquaculture sector can aid in fulfilling the difference between the supply and demand of the aquatic animal proteins. Different ways and methods are being used for ameliorating the practices of aquaculture production so as to make them effectual and cost-effective. Aquaculture provides lots of opportunities by contributing to most of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, great contribution of the aquaculture towards achieving the sustainable development goal is obtained when the production in aquaculture sector is associated with its contribution towards food and nutrition. Various problems, such as food shortage, malnutrition, poverty, unemployment, etc., have arisen due to exponential rise in population across the globe. Revolutions like white and green have raised the hope of utilizing the natural resources for the increase in the production of food but ultimately in densely populated countries like India, even such revolutions have failed to meet the increasing production demands. The increase in per capita consumption of ocean delicacies has been sparked due to increase in urbanizationUrbanization, rising income, and decrease in availability of aquatic food organisms in wild and expanding markets. Huge increase in the cultivation of freshwater fishes mainly major carps such as Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, and Catla catla has been witnessed over the last few years. In addition to fish delicacy, few edible shellfishes are also preferred for consumption purposes. India is the second largest producer of freshwater fish in the world. As a matter of fact, the culturing of aquatic organisms has achieved vast dimensions and nowadays, it is springing up as organized sector. Shellfish consists of huge amounts of various essential nutrients that offer numerous health and wellness benefits to the consumer. Survey carried out in the Jammu division to find out the distribution and diversity of crustaceans has revealed the presence of various species of prawns and crabs belonging to different genera. Numerous species of genus Macrobrachium have received attention throughout the globe as they play an important role in shrimp farming with regard to their value and production. In few recent decades, the nutritive value of shellfish as a source of different kinds of nutrients for the increasing population of a country like India has been recognized mainly in the coastal areas. Due to the limited knowledge of the nutritive value of aquatic organisms, these are utilized on small scale. It is the need of an hour to make an attempt to harness such organisms and make them available to the indigenous community at low cost. The prawns of genus Macrobrachium have a huge world market because of the high-quality amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, and ornamental value. In addition to other states of India, the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir has a growing sector of fisheries which has the potential to enhance the nutritional and economic status of local rural inhabitants. With the technological advancements and already existent resources, food productivity from aquaculture sector can be increased in a sustainable way, and this can only be made possible if the social and economic benefits of this sector collectively contribute to the society as a whole.