This chapter explores the impact of green chemistry on material design and synthesis, emphasizing sustainable approaches to nanoscale material fabrication. Nanotechnology, which involves manipulating matter at scales from one to 100 nanometers, presents unique challenges in synthesis that necessitate a deep understanding of fundamental principles to ensure efficient and environmentally responsible practices. The chapter discusses the design and synthesis of nanomaterials and highlights their applications across various fields, detailing essential pre- and post-synthesis treatments, such as annealing and drying, that optimize material properties. Furthermore, it reviews characterization techniques crucial for assessing synthesis success and functional performance, offering insights into green strategies for enhancing material effectiveness.