This chapter explores the dynamics and implications of South–South migration (SSM) within the Southern African region, emphasising the need for a robust regional research agenda. It highlights the critical role of SSM in addressing socioeconomic and political challenges and integrates various international frameworks and protocols, including the Global Compact for Migration and the African Union’s Migration Policy Framework. The research methodology combines secondary data analysis with field data collection from key informants across multiple organisations. The findings underscore the potential of SSM to contribute to development through remittances, skill transfers and by fostering greater regional integration. However, the study also identifies significant barriers such as xenophobia, irregular migration and the lack of coherent migration policies. The chapter calls for enhanced collaboration among stakeholders to develop a comprehensive research agenda that could inform policymaking and effectively harness the development potential of SSM.