Tunnel fires represent a paramount threat within tunnels, encompassing multifaceted dangers beyond the immediate fire hazard. These threats extend to potential traffic congestion and associated casualties. A rapid and coordinated pedestrian evacuation strategy is pivotal in mitigating both human and property losses. However, conventional emergency plans often grapple with the complexities inherent in ever-evolving tunnel fire scenarios. This underscores the compelling need to introduce tunnel fire evacuation simulations as a proactive approach. Such simulations can authentically replicate fire scenarios and human behaviors, thereby providing a basis for informed emergency decision-making. This paper aims to comprehensively review the current state of tunnel emergency management simulation research, encompassing the evolution of fire numerical simulation techniques and pedestrian evacuation simulation technologies, as well as prospective avenues for future development. This endeavor seeks to enhance the capability to effectively address the challenges posed by tunnel fires.