Bahrain is a small island country in the Arabian Gulf that relies heavily on imports for its agricultural products. Manama Central Market (MCM) is the largest central market in Bahrain, supplying agricultural products to the entire country. Its fruits and vegetables must be of high quality and safe to eat. This study examines the current state of the cold chain of fruits and vegetables in the MCM using questionnaires, interviews, and observation, identifies problems in the process of storage and sale of fruits and vegetables, and investigates the key factors affecting the freshness of fruits and vegetables. The findings revealed that the storage temperature of fruits and vegetables, their own durability, professional knowledge, and professional training all had varying degrees of impact on fruit and vegetable freshness. Finally, it is suggested that MCM and merchants work together to improve temperature control and environmental sanitation, as well as strengthen professional training, in order to improve the quality of fruits and vegetables in the MCM.