This study examines the subsurface dam site selection methods and the importance of these structures in preserving groundwater supplies and augmenting the water resources with regulation. The challenge of water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions is addressed by exploring efficient site selection for subsurface dams. A literature review examined various site selection methods, including Risk-Based Optimization and Multiple Criteria Decision-Making approaches like AHP and ANP. Integrating these methods with geotechnical, hydrogeological, and socio-economic studies is highlighted. This study concludes with an emphasis on the pivotal role subsurface dams play in sustainable water management and the need for the combining of logical models with spatial and field data, integrated with spatial hydrological models to provide the main parameters required for decision-makers and stakeholders to achieve successful site selection for subsurface dams.