This research investigates how developing nations leverage e-government to enhance citizen participation and governance. A thorough literature review approach was adopted to identify successful e-government strategies, citizen experience outcomes, and crucial success factors that contribute to improved digital governance. This research looks back at e-government progress over the past 5 years, finding what worked well, what didn’t, and what can be improved to help policymakers and practitioners enhance their digital governance. The methodology involved a comprehensive search of Google Scholar publications, yielding 76 articles on e-government and e-governance in developing nations. After applying inclusion criteria, 20 articles were selected, representing ten developing nations. The findings indicate significant progress in adopting and implementing e-government and e-governance in these nations. While improvements are needed in areas like ICT infrastructure, digital literacy, and citizen trust, the study highlights the critical role of e-governance and e-government in unlocking socioeconomic potential in developing nations. By harnessing digital technologies, these nations can enhance citizen well-being, promote inclusive growth, and strengthen governance effectiveness, aligning with the United Nations’ sustainable development agenda. The research provides actionable recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders to enhance e-governance initiatives, foster digital growth, and bridge the technology-governance gap in developing countries.