With the rapid development of information technology, smart grid, as a new mode of power system, has gradually attracted widespread attention. This paper focuses on the innovative application of Cloud-Edge-End Collaboration (CEEC) technology in smart grid, and makes in-depth research on system optimization, security improvement and energy management. In terms of system optimization, CEEC technology significantly improves the real-time response speed of the power system by pushing computing and data processing to the edge and terminal equipment of the network. Innovative applications such as real-time data processing, flexible resource allocation and intelligent fault diagnosis make the system more efficient and reliable in operation, which provides solid support for the stable operation of smart grid. In terms of security enhancement, CEEC technology effectively reduces the risk of network attacks on power systems through distributed security architecture, real-time threat detection and data privacy protection mechanism. Emphasis is placed on the formulation of safety standards and the privacy protection of the system to ensure the safety of user data and provide reliable security for the power system. Energy management is the key link of smart grid, and the application of CEEC technology has also achieved remarkable results. Through intelligent power demand forecasting, distributed energy resource management and real-time energy monitoring, the system successfully realizes the efficient distribution and utilization of energy, and provides an innovative solution for the sustainable development of the power system. The innovative application of CEEC technology in smart grid has brought remarkable improvement and optimization to the power system. This research will promote the development of smart grid and lay a solid foundation for building a more intelligent, efficient and safe power system.