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The carriers of magnetism in a condensed matter are usually the atoms of transition elements with non-zero magnetic moments or spins. The magnetic moment in an atom appears due to existence of unfilled electronic d- or f-shells. These are 3d elements of the iron group, rare earth 4f elements, and 5f actinides. As a rule, the atoms of these elements are responsible for the manifestation of magnetism.

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Magnetism

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Serguei N. Burmistrov

摘要

The carriers of magnetism in a condensed matter are usually the atoms of transition elements with non-zero magnetic moments or spins. The magnetic moment in an atom appears due to existence of unfilled electronic d- or f-shells. These are 3d elements of the iron group, rare earth 4f elements, and 5f actinides. As a rule, the atoms of these elements are responsible for the manifestation of magnetism.