The laser cooling technique exploiting the Doppler effect and manipulation with the alkali gases of Rb, Na, Li in magneto-optical traps after evaporative cooling stage allow one to achieve extremely low temperatures as hundreds of nanokelvin.

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Weakly Non-ideal Bose Gas

  • Serguei N. Burmistrov

摘要

The laser cooling technique exploiting the Doppler effect and manipulation with the alkali gases of Rb, Na, Li in magneto-optical traps after evaporative cooling stage allow one to achieve extremely low temperatures as hundreds of nanokelvin.