There is a strong need to understand the mental health in the LGBTQ population in India. This study aimed to understand resilience and self-esteem on the basis of sexual orientation (heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, and asexual) in young adults. The main goals of this study are to: (a) understand resilience and self-esteem based on sexual orientation; (b) understand the relationship between resilience and self-esteem based on sexual orientation; and (c) to analyze the differences between the resilience and self-esteem of individuals based on sexual orientation. This study indicates that heterosexual individuals report higher resilience and self-esteem than homosexual, bisexual, and asexual individuals. Heterosexual and bisexual individuals report significantly higher resilience as compared to homosexual individuals. Heterosexual individuals have reported significantly higher self-esteem than the homosexual group. Heterosexual and bisexual individuals exhibit strong and positive correlation between resilience and self-esteem. There is also a strong and positive relationship between the resilience and self-esteem of both male and female heterosexual individuals. These findings indicate that homosexual individuals need to be focused on in mental health research so that appropriate interventions and sociocultural support can be provided to increase both their resilience and self-esteem. Additionally, asexual individuals are a majorly under-studied cohort.