Heavy haul is the development trend of world railway cargo transportation. The 30,000 to 40,000-ton heavy-haul train is another upgrade of China’s heavy-haul railway technology. However, regular operation requires a lot of theoretical research and experimental test. Due to the long marshaling length of 30,000 to 40,000-ton heavy-haul train, extremely high requirements are placed on the experiment site. This article proposes two train equivalent schemes, decomposed type, and compressed type, as well as two equivalent methods, primary equivalence, and secondary equivalence. This article also analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages, and finally proposes an experiment scheme for 30,000 to 40,000-ton heavy-haul train based on the combination of virtual and reality technology. The thesis research can provide technical support for the 30,000 to 40,000-ton heavy-haul train experiments.