The rapid development of new power systems and new energy systems, as well as the increasing proportion of new energy sources such as wind and solar power, has made the security and stability of power systems more complex, posing higher requirements for communication systems to support the safe and stable operation of power systems. This article analyzes the current situation and existing problems of E1 channels in power grid control business. From the perspective of improving the reliability of communication system E1 channels, key technologies for lossless and lossy switching of E1 are studied, in order to achieve reliable switching of main and standby E1 channels in power grid control business and improve the reliability of E1 channel operation. Based on the current development status of communication networks, the principles for organizing multiple routing channels in mesh networks are proposed, and further research directions for the integration of this technology with the protection profession are proposed. Research has shown that this technology can greatly improve the reliability of E1 channels and can be widely promoted in power system protection and other applications that require switching between main and backup channels. At present, this technology has been applied in the ±800 kV ultra-high voltage direct current transmission project of Gansu Power Grid and the 750 kV and 330 kV main networks, achieving good results.