The current method of charged detection for vacuum degree in vacuum switches has emerged as a novel diagnostic approach for electrical equipment. However, due to its susceptibility to noise interference, there is an urgent need for an improved method to enhance its detection accuracy. This study aims to explore the potential of gold nanoparticle-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (NELIBS) technology in improving the accuracy of vacuum degree detection. The results indicate that gold nanoparticles significantly enhance spectral signals under low-pressure conditions, providing an effective means to enhance the accuracy of online monitoring of vacuum degree. Moreover, higher concentrations of gold nanoparticles exhibit better enhancement effects, attributed to the stronger surface plasmon resonance induced by higher curvature, and the increased number of surface particles at higher concentrations allows for more comprehensive laser ablation. The temporal evolution of plasma images under different delays is influenced by nanoparticle concentration. This study offers new methods and insights for enhancing real-time vacuum degree monitoring accuracy and suggests future expansions of NELIBS technology into other domains.