Superconducting cables possess significant advantages such as high transmission capacity, low losses, compact spatial requirements, and pollution-free operation, presenting broad application prospects in scenarios like congested corridor main power grids and AC/DC interconnected networks. However, further in-depth research is needed to clarify the carbon emission data associated with the entire superconducting cable system and its various stages, which will aid China in achieving its “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” goals. This paper begins by briefly describing the classification, structure, and advantages of superconducting cables. It then reviews the current status of domestic and international high-temperature superconducting cable projects, highlighting their characteristics and benefits. Finally, the paper summarizes the development prospects of superconducting cable engineering.