As concerns rise about the impact of air quality on human health, this research investigates air purification materials and techniques, particularly focusing on photocatalytic materials. The study assesses a system incorporating TiO2 and cement, aimed at addressing environmental pollution by integrating photocatalysts into construction materials. This photocatalytic method seeks to break down organic pollutants, while maintaining the visual appeal of concrete structures and removing air contaminants. The research involved experiments in A reactor designed for testing photocatalytic activity, employing concrete blocks coated with TiO2 under UV light. Toluene, a representative of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), was introduced at a level of 210 ppm. The effectiveness of toluene removal was measured using GC-FID and GC-MS multi-analyzer as it processed through the photocatalytic reactor. The findings reveal that TiO2 has a higher efficiency in adsorbing toluene and in photodegradation, achieving a reduction of 137 ppm in 5–7 h, proving its efficacy as a photocatalyst for enhancing indoor air quality.