This study examines the Saudi Arabian Najid residential buildings, including internal courtyards, adobe mud buildings, alfuraj, and shura, with the objective of developing a greater awareness of the importance of these historic Najd homes. The center courtyard controls the environmental conditions within the residence by promoting airflow cycles and holding the cold air. Manufactured from the natural adobe mud in the area, these dwellings protect from severe summer weather. In Najdi settlements, small openings known as alfuraj let light and air flow through. Shurâf, or the distinctive wind towers, are towering structures that extend vertically from walls and provide shade for roofs during the summer, allowing individuals to sleep there. Three selected case studies have been compared in light of the technique used in the research. It highlighted the benefits of constructing with adobe mud by making an analogy between the significance of the shura and the alfuraj opening in Najdi populations. The findings of the research show the positive effects of employing adobe mud and Najd constructive techniques in urban planning. These advantages involve high performance in arid climate conditions, providing a sustainable approach, ease of accessibility, and social interaction while maintaining moderateness, privacy, and remarkable architectural value. Najd houses preserve their historical appeal, are affordable, and have passive cooling qualities, even if they require maintenance and restoration. These topologies are now being used in contemporary urban development projects in Riyadh. The results emphasize how crucial it is to investigate and learn about Saudi Arabia’s rich cultural legacy with the goal of advancing sustainable national development in accordance with Saudi National Vision 2030.