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In this study, a UV-based Fig. 4® 3D printer has been utilized for the 4D printing of polymeric-based structures. This work focus on developing a methacrylate-based resin by incorporating modified graphene nanoplatelets to examine the thermal characteristics and shape memory behaviour under 1000 h of accelerated weathering ageing. The 3DPd components exhibited improvement in the storage modulus and glass transition temperature results after including graphene nanoplatelets and accelerated weathering ageing. The results indicated that the direct shape recovery at high temperature (90 ℃) is faster than the gradual recovery from room temperature to high temperature (90 ℃) by 230% for the flat-3D printed and 46% for circular-3D printed structures, respectively. The recovery of the flat and circular structures were greater than 93%. The developed shape memory structures exhibited an extraordinary durability of 22 cycle-life. This study assists in a deep understanding of the temperature-time-shape memory behaviour in terms of shape recovery and shape fixity, which can provide new knowledge in developing and expanding 4D printing in various engineering applications like soft robots as actuators and thermal sensors or aerospace as self-deploying structures.

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4D Printing of Weather Resistant Structures Reinforced with Functionalised Graphene Nanoplatelets

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Mohamad Alsaadi,
  • Eoin P. Hinchy,
  • Conor T. McCarthy,
  • Tielidy A. de M. de Lima,
  • Alexandre Portela,
  • Tristan Coudray,
  • Declan M. Devine

摘要

In this study, a UV-based Fig. 4® 3D printer has been utilized for the 4D printing of polymeric-based structures. This work focus on developing a methacrylate-based resin by incorporating modified graphene nanoplatelets to examine the thermal characteristics and shape memory behaviour under 1000 h of accelerated weathering ageing. The 3DPd components exhibited improvement in the storage modulus and glass transition temperature results after including graphene nanoplatelets and accelerated weathering ageing. The results indicated that the direct shape recovery at high temperature (90 ℃) is faster than the gradual recovery from room temperature to high temperature (90 ℃) by 230% for the flat-3D printed and 46% for circular-3D printed structures, respectively. The recovery of the flat and circular structures were greater than 93%. The developed shape memory structures exhibited an extraordinary durability of 22 cycle-life. This study assists in a deep understanding of the temperature-time-shape memory behaviour in terms of shape recovery and shape fixity, which can provide new knowledge in developing and expanding 4D printing in various engineering applications like soft robots as actuators and thermal sensors or aerospace as self-deploying structures.