Shrimp aquaculture has developed into a multibillion-dollar industry that satisfies global demand for high-value seafood and reduces the pressure on marine ecosystems. The multimillion-dollar prawn farming sector helps to both lessen the strain on marine ecosystems and meet the world demand for premium seafood. Nonetheless, the swift expansion of shrimp aquaculture is accompanied by significant obstacles, such as disease like hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) caused by Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei. Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a major threat to the shrimp farming industry worldwide, resulting in large financial losses. EHP is an obligatory intracellular parasite that infects on the shrimp hepatopancreas and is found in many shrimp farming areas throughout the world. It is placed taxonomically in the genus Enterocytozoan. EHP is a unique species that goes by the name hepatopenaei. Its capacity to infect shrimp at all the life stage of development emphasizes how urgently better disease management techniques are needed. Significant risk factors for the transmission of EHP include varying salinity levels, exposure to polychaetes, artemia, mollusks, squid, live shrimp feeds, and water sources. Interestingly, EHP infections can cause lower growth rates in shrimp ponds even in the absence of overt clinical signs; white feces syndrome absence is merely a nonfinal diagnostic signal. Therefore, a complete diagnosis is necessary to determine the best course of action. The disease in shrimp is prevented by early diagnosis, which is made feasible by highly sensitive diagnostic tools. This allows for proactive measures and timely intervention. The development of pathogen-specific treatments is also essential for the proper management of EHP infections in shrimp farms.