Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are well-suited for space-sea integrated networks (SSINs) due to their low communication latency and worldwide coverage. These constellations serve as the first line of defense in ensuring the information security of SSINs by providing access authentication services to maritime users. However, the rapid orbital movement of LEO satellites results in limited observable duration for fixed maritime users, necessitating frequent authentication handovers between nodes in the constellation to ensure continuous and secure communication. This paper addresses the challenges in the scenarios with large-scale maritime users, where the computational and communicational costs of traditional authentication protocols are significantly high. We propose a novel rapid batch handover authentication protocol leveraging pre-authentication, taking advantage of the predictability of satellite orbits. By pre-loading credentials from subsequent satellites onto the current one and proposed a batch authentication protocol based on Pedersen commitment scheme, our approach significantly reduces costs associated with frequent handovers and enhances authentication efficiency for large entities. Security analysis of the protocol shows that our protocol satisfies some basic security properties. Efficiency analysis shows that our proposed protocol reduces the average communication costs by 30% and the average computation costs by 40% compared to existing similar protocol, which greatly improves the efficiency of initial access and handover authentication for users.