Integrating sustainable energy systems (SESs) and artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising approach to address the energy sector's challenges and accelerate the transition to a sustainable future. This review presents the key concepts, implications, and potential applications of integrating SESs and AI. It explores various renewable energy sources (RESs) such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass, highlighting their benefits and advancements in AI integration. It examines the emerging trends and opportunities in integrating AI and SESs. Policy, research, and development implications are discussed, emphasizing the need for supportive regulatory frameworks, research advancements, and stakeholder collaboration. In the end, it highlights the transformative potential of this integration. It calls for concerted efforts to harness its benefits and drive the global energy transition toward a more sustainable and intelligent future.