Many studies emphasise the importance of the thermal mass and hygroscopic buffering of hemp-lime in providing stable temperature and relative humidity conditions. However, the representation of this material in building simulations often fails to account for the complex interaction of heat and moisture transfer and storage in the material, therefore undermining the benefits of this construction type. More research is needed to address the gap between material characterisation and building simulation, with the aim of identifying the best approach for assessing the performance of hemp-lime walls in a simple but representative way. This paper presents an analysis of the dynamic heat and moisture transfer of three hemp-lime assemblies under controlled boundary conditions. The assemblies represent a common fully cast wall; a wall made of hemp-lime blocks with additional wood fibre insulation; and a wall made from a combination of cast hemp-lime and blocks. Hygrothermal simulations were performed for the three walls and compared with the results of a laboratory experiment. The results show comparable performance across the three walls and agreement between simulations and experimental results. These findings will support the calibration of dynamic building performance simulations, with the view of recommending possible modelling approaches for hemp-lime construction, an increasingly important material for climate change mitigation and adaptation.