Forest management is the operating tool for forest properties through scientific, technical, and economic principles. This chapter begins with the history of forest management in India from the British rule till the present draft national forest policy 2018. The 1988 forest policy has played a significant role in emphasizing the concept of ecological balance and environmental stability for future generations. Joint Forest Management (JFM) is an important criterion for determining the togetherness of people with the forest administration for the development and conservation of forests. In the JFM activity, the entire crux is taking care and control of the locals’ livelihood improvement by providing employment opportunities through non timber forest products (NTFP) collection, etc. As per the directions of 1952 National Forest Policy, forest cover must be one-third of the country’s total geographical area, which could be brought about by planting and afforestation schemes. The importance of forest and forest management is described in various five-year plans from 1951 to 2012 in eleven phases. The criticality and inevitability of forestry education for managing the forest in a scientific, technical, and economic perspective are also highlighted.