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The vertical drain method, widely used to prevent earthquake-induced liquefaction, utilizes vertical drains to dissipate excess pore water pressure and reduce liquefaction risk. Hazarika et al. (Soils Found 60:315–326, 2020 [11]) developed a cost-effective technique to shield residential buildings from such damage, using a mixture of tire chips and gravel (GTCM) under foundations. This approach also shows promise as a drainage enhancer in vertical drains. Incorporating GTCM in vertical drains, the research involved small-scale shaking table tests, two-dimensional simulations, and cyclic undrained triaxial tests to validate its efficacy. The findings indicated that GTCM drains effectively prevent foundation soil liquefaction, with optimal results observed at a gravel content of 50–60% by volume, striking a balance between controlling excess pore water pressure and maintaining drain stiffness.

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Liquefaction Countermeasure for Residential Buildings Using Gravel-Mixed Tire Chips and Its Validation Through an Integrated Approach

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Hemanta Hazarika,
  • Yutao Hu,
  • Gopal Santana Phani Madabhushi,
  • Stuart Kenneth Haigh

摘要

The vertical drain method, widely used to prevent earthquake-induced liquefaction, utilizes vertical drains to dissipate excess pore water pressure and reduce liquefaction risk. Hazarika et al. (Soils Found 60:315–326, 2020 [11]) developed a cost-effective technique to shield residential buildings from such damage, using a mixture of tire chips and gravel (GTCM) under foundations. This approach also shows promise as a drainage enhancer in vertical drains. Incorporating GTCM in vertical drains, the research involved small-scale shaking table tests, two-dimensional simulations, and cyclic undrained triaxial tests to validate its efficacy. The findings indicated that GTCM drains effectively prevent foundation soil liquefaction, with optimal results observed at a gravel content of 50–60% by volume, striking a balance between controlling excess pore water pressure and maintaining drain stiffness.