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Empty fruit bunches (EFB) as co-firing fuel are rich in potassium oxide which may hinder its utilization. Water and acid washing has been reported effective in reducing the alkali content of solid fuel. In this study washing is carried out with different acetic acid concentrations, temperatures, and washing sequences. Theoretical indices and SiO2-CaO-K2O (SCK) are used to evaluate the effectiveness of washing process utilizing the ash composition of each sample. The results of this study show that acid-acid-acid–water washing with acetate acid concentration of 1 vol.% and temperature of 30°C is the most effective washing to reduce K2O composition in ash while also lowering ash content. Water-water-water washing with temperature of 50°C is worth considering for non-acid washing. From the theoretical indices, it is predicted to have medium to high slagging risk and low fouling, while from SCK ternary diagram, it is predicted to have medium slagging tendency.

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Utilization of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch as Co-Firing Fuel with Water and Acid Washing Pretreatment

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Hanafi Prida Putra,
  • Oni Fariza,
  • Fairuz Milkiy Kuswa,
  • Hafizh Ghazidin,
  • Suyatno Suyatno,
  • Hariana Hariana,
  • Prabowo

摘要

Empty fruit bunches (EFB) as co-firing fuel are rich in potassium oxide which may hinder its utilization. Water and acid washing has been reported effective in reducing the alkali content of solid fuel. In this study washing is carried out with different acetic acid concentrations, temperatures, and washing sequences. Theoretical indices and SiO2-CaO-K2O (SCK) are used to evaluate the effectiveness of washing process utilizing the ash composition of each sample. The results of this study show that acid-acid-acid–water washing with acetate acid concentration of 1 vol.% and temperature of 30°C is the most effective washing to reduce K2O composition in ash while also lowering ash content. Water-water-water washing with temperature of 50°C is worth considering for non-acid washing. From the theoretical indices, it is predicted to have medium to high slagging risk and low fouling, while from SCK ternary diagram, it is predicted to have medium slagging tendency.