Ensuring the long-term safe operation of UGS is a complex system engineering task. Service life is long and secondary disasters after accidents such as leakages are severe. Meanwhile, the UGS is deeply buried, and many disasters may not be discovered in time. Current UGS monitoring techniques mainly include injection and extraction gas pressure, sustained casing pressure, and temperature monitoring, which cannot meet the needs of safe production of UGSs. In this chapter, first, a laboratory physical simulation experiment device for monitoring UGS well leakage using fiber optics is developed. Next, A multi-well single-stage monitoring scheme was selected based on the operation feature of salt cavern UGS, rock salt strata structure and the characteristics of surrounding rock microseismic signals. A high-fidelity denoising combined with a nonlinear positioning algorithm was used to accurately locate the rock fractures. Then, A gas micro-leakage diffusion model considering the influence of environmental factors such as wind speed and direction in the UGS well field was established. Finally, an INSAR data and leveling point interpolation method is proposed to predict the subsidence of the salt cavern UGS, which can overcome the shortage of the low accuracy of the InSAR and limited monitoring points.