Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important source of protein and oil around the world. Pod blight or anthracnose is one of the destructive diseases that reduces soybean yield ranging from 16%–100%. Colletotrichum truncatum pose as the primary organism that causes this disease along with other fungi as a complex. Disease symptoms include pre- and post-emergence damping-off, irregular lesions on the stems, petioles, and pods, and premature defoliation. Fungicides, biological control, and integrated strategies are used for management. Host plant resistance is viewed as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy. Understanding epidemiology, including survival of seeds and weeds, is critical for successful management. The challenges of fungicide resistance, particularly in C. truncatum isolates, necessitate ongoing monitoring and adaptive strategies. Ongoing research and innovation in disease control, including resistant cultivars and sustainable practices, are critical to ensure the resilience of soybean crops against the diverse Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose.