Bihar hairy caterpillar, Spilarctia obliqua (Walker), is an insect of order Lepidoptera and family Arctiidae. It is polyphagous in nature infesting nearly 126 plants species including soybean. This pest is sporadic to soybean crop distributed all over the country, therefore, considered a regional pest. It is terrestrial in habitat and severe incidence is observed during monsoon and post-monsoon periods. The biological parameters of egg, larval, pupal and adult developmental period are greatly influenced by the food quality, temperature and relative humidity. S. obliqua lays eggs in cluster groups on the under surface of leaves. The larval form of this pest is very distinguishing covered with yellowish to black long hairs. Adult moth is medium-sized brown with red abdomen. The young caterpillars of S. obliqua are voracious feeders and gregariously feed on soft green chlorophyll content mostly on the under surface of the leaves due to which the leaves turn brownish-yellow. The older larvae eat the leaves from the margin often reaching epidemic level completely defoliating the plants. Integrated Pest Management techniques of Bihar hairy caterpillar infesting soybean may include deep summer ploughing, destruction of infested plant parts, egg masses and young larvae, installation of light trap, etc. Use of botanical extracts and entomopathogenic microbes are alternative strategies having potential for its management. When the pest reaches ETL, chemical insecticides, viz., Chlorantraniliprole 18.5%SC @100 ml/ha or Lambda-Cyhalothrin 04.90% CS @300 ml/ha or Indoxacarb 15.80% EC @333 ml/ha can be use whenever necessary.