In order to be really appreciated and understood, the concept of “Chinese Ecological Civilization” must be apprehended in relation to the much larger framework of the contemporary environmental philosophical debate about the nature, origin and features of the (Mis)Anthropocene. When discussing (Chinese) Ecological Civilization, it’s essential to know from which perspective we want to address the framing of this “new historical period of mankind,” exiting the “dark, polluted age” of “Western modernity.” From the perspective of a culturalist narrative, deploying environmentalist tropes and claims in order to promote the geopolitical project of a new de-Westernized world order in the name of deeper, greener and better “cultural (reinvented/idealized) traditions”? Or from the perspective of an ecological predicament to adapt, modify and transform our developmentalist and extractivist ways of life, in relation to global requirements for energy transition, energy de-growth and energetic justice, in the name of a duty to protect (not only “nature” from mankind, but mankind from itself) higher than any (culturally based) right to develop?