The process of textile production is purported to account for ~20% of the worldwide contamination of clean water, which is attributed to the dyeing chemical treatments, and finishing of textile products. Emerging contaminants found in the natural environment have been linked to various immediate and long-term harmful impacts on living organisms, ultimately causing the degradation of ecosystems and presenting substantial hazards. The conventional techniques employed for the elimination of pollutants have demonstrated inefficiency, as they often result in the production of additional harmful substances. Microbial enzymes are crucial in bioremediation processes as they enable the enzymatic reactions that break down contaminants. The recognition of various microbial enzymes by pollutant substrates under optimal conditions including pH, temperature, concentration, and contact time can facilitate their efficient transformation into less harmful byproducts. The present chapter aims to investigate the importance of enzymatic bioremediation and underscore its benefits in mitigating environmental pollution, particularly in the context of textile industrial effluents that pose a threat to the purity of water resources.