In recent years, the South African government has advanced poverty reduction, employment and social equity, and promoted inclusive growth and sustainable economic and social development by enhancing science, technology and innovation (STI) capabilities and developing the digital economy and bio-economy. It attaches great importance to the formulation of STI strategies and implementation of S&T plans, and has achieved significant progress in STI areas including astronomy, paleoanthropology, aerospace, biomedicine and advanced manufacturing. At the same time, the South African government highly values the expansion of international cooperation and attracting of S&T talent from around the world. In particular, it maintains close cooperation with China and other BRICS countries, and has carried out a host of science and technology cooperation projects with high visibility.