According to Global Innovation Index (GII), China’s global ranking of STI competitiveness jumped from 34th in 2012 to 12th in 2021. Over the past three years, China has accelerated implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy with increased investment in R&D, reform of the science and technology management system, and improvement of innovation ecosystem, and has made a number of landmark achievements. STI have provided strong underpinning for economic development, social progress, improvement of people’s livelihood and national security, and made an important contribution to the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Going forward, China will continue to actively integrate into the global innovation network, carry out multi-faceted cooperation with BRICS countries, and contribute its strength of science and technology to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.