Ecological diversityEcological diversity, inter-regional, and intra-regional migrationMigration, and growth of urbanizationUrbanization with population dynamics highlight significant footprints in the Sundarbans region of South 24 Paraganas District, West Bengal, India. According to Census reports of India, 310 million people were the total number of migrants and 98 million people migrated through different push and pull factors into a new residence in the decade 1991–2001. In 2020–21, 12.2% of people migrated due to loss of job/closure of limit/ lack of employment opportunities and 15.7% due to health-related reasons, as per the migration reports of India. Sundarbans region going through climo-morphological hazardsClimo-morphological hazards, which directly impact human living and livelihood and trigger to initiate the process of migrationMigration. The urban growthUrban growth rateGrowth rate increased from 13.31% in 1991 to 25.610% in 2011 and observed rapid urbanization in several blocks of the Sundarbans region. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to delineate and analyze the diversification of ecological factors, the process of migration, and the growth of urbanization to reach and ensure SDG1, SDG8, and SDG9–goals.