Surgical resection is still the treatment of choice for liver cancer patients. In fact, surgical resection and liver transplantation are currently the only possible cures for liver cancer. However, not all patients are suitable for surgical treatment since liver cancer generally develops from cirrhosis, and patients with severe cirrhosis are prone to liver failure after surgical resection. Furthermore, underlying liver disease in some patients is far more life-threatening than liver cancer itself. Therefore, in addition to invasive treatments such as surgery, TACE, ablation, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, underlying liver disease management, liver function protection, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment are also important for patients with liver cancer. These treatments can improve the general conditions of patients and provide them with more opportunities for liver cancer treatments. Perioperative treatment of surgical patients, multimodality treatment of non-surgical patients, and palliative treatment of end-stage patients are all non-negligible effective means.