This chapter focuses on production schedule optimization, emphasizing its impact on net present value (NPV) through working examples. It begins by detailing how an optimized production sequence enhances NPV and explores the influence of the discount rate on NPV. The effect of optimized production sequences on NPV is further illustrated through an open pit optimized using the Lerchs–Grossmann algorithm. This approach enhances the value of mining projects by aligning production schedules with the time value of mineral assets. The chapter then addresses equipment availability and utilization, highlighting that equipment availability, utilization, working efficiency, and operating efficiency, or overall equipment efficiency affects both productivity and the number of equipment required. Loading and hauling optimization involves factors such as cycle time, equipment productivity, and the matching of loaders and trucks. Methods for minimizing cycle time, improving overall equipment productivity (contrasting tonnage productivity and volume productivity), and achieving an optimal loader-truck match are discussed, distinguishing between theoretical cycle time and equipment match cycle time. The equipment match highlights the significance of both size match and number match or fleet match to reduce cycle time and to minimize equipment time waste.