This chapter sums up the implementation of cutting-edge breeding methods to expedite the genetic improvement of oilseed crops. Enhancing the productivity and adaptability of oilseed crops is crucial due to the growing global demand for biofuels and vegetable oils. Traditional breeding methods have limitations in achieving rapid genetic gain due to long breeding cycles and the complexity of traits. Novel breeding technologies, viz., Speed breeding, Tilling, Genomics-assisted breeding, Genome editing, Genetic engineering, and Shuttle breeding hasten the breeding process and achieve rapid genetic gain in oilseed crops. Integrating these sophisticated technologies holds promise for addressing challenges such as abiotic stress tolerance, disease resistance, and improved oil quality.