Suicide and self-harm are major public health concerns, often preventable with timely intervention. Key risk factors include past attempts, psychiatric history, substance use, social isolation, and access to lethal means. Warning signs fall under talk, behavior, and mood changes. Effective management involves early identification, immediate care, and long-term follow-up. Psychological interventions like CBT and DBT show the strongest evidence. Pharmacological treatments require careful monitoring, especially in youth. A strong therapeutic alliance enhances outcomes. Preventive strategies such as safety planning and lethal means reduction are essential. Follow-up should be ongoing, tailored to risk, and focused on sustained monitoring and support.