Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Early screening, especially at 18–24 months, and identification of genetic, environmental, and perinatal risk factors are essential. Common comorbidities include ADHD, sleep issues, and anxiety. Management involves individualized, intensive, multidisciplinary interventions including behavioral therapy, parent training, communication support, and targeted pharmacotherapy. Early referral, regular monitoring, and caregiver education improve outcomes. Developmental progress is tracked using standardized tools, and at-risk siblings also require monitoring. Timely referrals are crucial for optimizing care and support.