Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Accurate diagnosis involves thorough history, standardized assessments, and exclusion of other conditions. Investigations are generally unnecessary unless specific concerns arise. Management includes behavioral interventions, parent training, and school-based support. Pharmacological treatment—primarily stimulants like methylphenidate or amphetamines—is considered when non-pharmacological methods are insufficient. Pre-treatment assessments, regular monitoring, and dose adjustments are vital to ensure efficacy and safety. Adverse effects must be closely watched. Multidisciplinary care, individualized planning, and periodic review enhance outcomes. Referral is indicated in complex cases, diagnostic uncertainty, or treatment resistance.