The patient was 57-year-old man with high blood pressure and proteinuria for 17 years before admission. He was diagnosed with chronic glomerulonephritis by renal biopsy. He had elevated blood creatinine 10 years ago and entered stage 5 CKD 4 years ago, and he then received peritoneal dialysis. His dialysis dose was 8 L per day, and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) was used. At the same time, human erythropoietin and oral iron were started to treat renal anemia. He underwent regular check-ups during dialysis treatment, and his hemoglobin fluctuated from 70 to 85 g/L. Six months before admission, the patient showed obvious dizziness and fatigue, and his hemoglobin was 56 g/L 3 months before admission. The patient was given a transfusion of concentrated red blood cells and stayed on rhu-EPO and iron; the dose of rhu-EPO was increased to 13,000 U/week, and his maximum hemoglobin concentration increased to 89 g/L. During follow-up observation after discharge, the patient’s Hb gradually decreased, falling to a minimum of 61 g/L.