A 66-year-old female with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and stage III diabetic nephropathy experienced worsening renal function and developed moderate anemia. Despite standard treatments, her condition did not improve. Roxadustat, a novel HIF-PHI, was initiated at a dosage of 100 mg three times weekly, along with oral iron supplementation, leading to a significant increase in hemoglobin levels from 69 to 105 g/L within a month and a reduction in serum creatinine levels from 626 to 461 μmol/L. This case demonstrates the effectiveness of roxadustat in correcting anemia and potentially delaying the progression of kidney disease in a patient with chronic kidney disease who was not on dialysis, highlighting its role in improving iron absorption and utilization.