The color of a mineral usually refers to the color it exhibits when it is in a granular or massive state, which is the result of the mineral’s selective absorption of visible light in a continuous medium. The color of a mineral is the most obvious and intuitive property of the mineral, and it is of great significance for the Identification and application of minerals. Based on the previous literature (Pan 1993) and the research of the author of this book, the optical properties related to the optical function of mineral materials, specifically the color of minerals, are introduced.